Q4. T_average = 260.31 K
dz_estimated = 2570 m
dz_calculated = 2565.05 m
Q5. The values are only slightly different, due to the fact that the calculated dz used an average temperature, which does not represent the entire parcel of air. This was expected.
Q4. As height increases, pressure and density constantly decrease. It would not make sense to define a scale height for pressure and density because there are other factors besides height that affect them.
Q7. The temperature profile of the saturated adiabatic lapse rate most closely matches the temperature profile for the U.S. Standard Atmosphere model. The temperature begins increasing at the tropopause, when the atmosphere becomes defined as the startosphere. This increase in temperature with height corresponds to a negative lapse rate.