Weather links for January 16, 2013:


Overview
Tropopause potential temperature
Water vapor
Precipitation over past week
Norman weather
7 day and 30 day OK precipitation


Review of 2012
Global temperatures: 9th warmest (NASA GISS), 10th warmest (NCDC) since 1880
U.S. temperatures: Warmest in 1895-2012 record

Highlights
Global temperature anomalies: Map and time series (NASA GISS; 9th warmest year since 1880)
Northern Hemisphere NNRP surface temperature and 700 hPa relative humidity anomalies, and Northern Oscillation Index
Great Arctic Cyclone of 2012 and the all-time record sea ice minimum
Sandy
Contiguous U.S. temperature record
U.S. 2012 temperature anomaly map
Contiguous U.S. precipitation record
Recent years drought index
Statewide ranks of temperature and precipitation
Yearly timeseries Oklahoma City
Precipitation in Norman

Tornado count and map


Sudden stratospheric warming
Rough stats: 1 major stratospheric warming every 1.55 years, 1 splitting event every 3.2 years

ECMWF analyses of PV on 600 K surface, temperature cross section and merdional heat flux
Weak vs. strong vortex lagged composites and Vortex strength vs. AO index (Baldwin and Dunkerton 2001)

Time--height geopotential height anomalies, AO index
Composite 500 hPa heights and surface temperature anomalies, cross section 90 degrees longitude and along 180 deg longitude
500 hPa height anomalies, and cross sections along 270 longitude
Sea ice anomalies

Arctic Oscillation (AO) Google Earth NNRP composites and other composites
10 hPa temperature time series
Geopotential height anomaly time--height 2012



Western Pacific "Bomb"
Tropopause potential temperature and pressure
OPC surface analyses and GFS SLP/precip/850 hPa temperatures
Total precipitable water
GFS forecast verification: Tropopause potential temperature and Hovmoeller


Near miss in Norman? Miss in DFW?
Radar loop
Dallas GFS analysis and Dprog/Dt
Norman Dprog/Dt
Subtleties in flow can be extremely important. Recall the Norman "unforecasted" snow event on Dec. 28: Radar, GFS vs. ECMWF 3 hour forecasts, and trop theta verification


Forecast
Tropopause forecasts
500 mb ensemble spaghetti plots
GFS precip forecast over next week




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